Archive for November, 2009

2009 Hurricane Season Wrap Party

Tuesday, November 24th, 2009

It’s been a quiet one, with H1N1 taking all the news space this season. National Geographic details why this hurricane season has been so Pacific-focused in a great article here.

With U of R alumni (and former “Leader-in-Residence” at the Jepson School) Leland Melvin serving as a mission specialist on this shuttle flight, I couldn’t help but mention NASA’s great online database of hurricane and typhoon images and information. With everything from current storm outlooks to educator resources to 3-D views of historic storms, it’s a fantastic resource.

(far left) Spider Leland Melvin

Thinking like a journalist…

Friday, November 20th, 2009

If you were a journalist and needed accurate, authoritative information about the flu, where would you go? Two different resources, it turns out, work well for both journalists and ESM/Disaster Science practicioners. Both offer well-researched and well-written overviews of the topic, in a layman-friendly fashion.

flu

CQ Researcher (available to the U of R community through Boatwright Memorial Library), offers a number of reports on topics dealing with the flu, including vaccine safety, emergency medicine, combating infectious diseases and, perhaps most relevant, one entitled, “Avian Flu Threat: Are we prepared for the next pandemic?” These reports are incredibly in-depth, giving the background, current situation and future outlook, as well as a bibliography, maps and charts, a chronology for the issue, and even contacts – people and groups who are SME’s on the material in question. My favorite part of a CQ Report, however, has to be the “Pro/Con” section, in which a question is asked relating to the topic. Two experts in the field, either from their testimony before Congress or in an essay written specifically for CQ, give their answer to the question. In the Avian Flu Threat report, for example, the question was, “Is there a serious risk of a human pandemic of avian flu?” The testimony of Michael T. Osterholm, Director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota before the House Committee on International Relations answers the “pro” side of the question; Michael Fumento of the Hudson Institute, writing expressly for CQ, answered the “con” side.


Another resource, similarly aimed at giving background information to journalists, is the Nieman Center for Journalism at Harvard. Their “Covering Pandemic Flu” page offers a treasure trove of information. There’s an introduction, which includes the definition and etymology of the word “pandemic”, and an overview of the science behind the hype; pandemic preparedness at multiple levels, from individual to global; essays on the press coverage of flu, from veteran reporters in various countries; crisis communications information from Communications Directors at WHO and CDC; and finally, a history, glossary and bibliography of pandemic influenza. All the information has been developed and vetted by the Nieman Foundation, although links to other relevant material are offered.


Disaster Fastlinks

Tuesday, November 17th, 2009

The Learning Resource Center (aka “the library”) at the U.S. Fire Administration has a treasure trove of research tools for disaster scientists and emergency services managers. (More to come, I promise!) I couldn’t resist giving a sneak peek of one of their tools I was able to make immediate use of.

Significant Disasters/Fires/Incidents

In five different topic areas (Earthquakes, Fires, Hurricanes, Terrorist Incidents and ‘Other Disasters‘), links are given to US Fire Administration LRC items on a given topic. For instance, the Hurricanes page lists 11 hurricanes, covering the span of this century, and links to a number of journal articles, proceedings, reports, government documents and books on each individual storm. Many of the journal articles are not indexed elsewhere, or are indexed only in highly specialized databases, so having the citations collected together like this makes searching a breeze.* The topics, while not entirely comprehensive for every US disaster (and certainly not for international ones!), are specific enough to be truly useful.

Check it out, and look for more information on the US Fire Administration library’s resources in a future post.

*(Sorry for the lame hurricane pun. I couldn’t help myself!)

Pandemic Influenza: Emergency Planning and Community Preparedness

Wednesday, November 11th, 2009

The back cover of this new book from CRC Press claims it contains, “All the Essential Information Needed to Build an Effective Response.” As the book weighs in at just more than 250 pages (inclusive of index and notes), I was a tad skeptical. However…

In 9 brief chapters and an epilogue, experts from fields as diverse as public health, homeland security and veterinary medicine give overviews of the history, clinical aspects, local and federal responses, and even business continuity and ‘fatality management’ planning. Packed with references, tables and even pictures, the book could serve as a textbook (the preface actually contains a list of “Primary Learning Objectives”) or a reference for emergency managers, planners or public health professionals. While technically grounded, the authors manages to keep the book readable even for the generalist.

New CRS Report: Public Safety Communications and Spectrum Resources: Policy Issues for Congress October 14, 2009

Friday, November 6th, 2009

This just in, courtesy of Open CRS:

http://opencrs.com/document/R40859/2009-10-14/download/1013/

Effective emergency response is dependent on wireless communications. To minimize communications failures during and after a crisis requires ongoing improvements in emergency communications capacity and capability. The availability of radio frequency spectrum is considered essential to developing a modern, interoperable communications network for public safety. Equally critical is building the radio network to use this spectrum. Opinions diverge, however, on such issues as how much spectrum should be made available for the network, who should own it, who should build it, who should operate it, who should be allowed to use it, and how it might be paid for. As a consequence, nascent planning for a national network is incomplete and some state and local network plans have been delayed. To resolve the debate and move the planning process forward, Congress may decide to pursue oversight or change existing law. Actions proposed to Congress include (1) authorizing the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to reassign spectrum and (2) changing requirements for the use of spectrum auction proceeds. In particular, legislation in the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-171), as amended, might be modified. This law mandated the termination of analog television broadcasting and the release of those channels for other uses, including public safety. The act identified the frequencies from the analog television channels that were to be auctioned by the FCC. It also created a trust fund that set aside part of the auction proceeds for a number of programs, with the balance destined for the U.S. Treasury. Among the programs receiving funds from the trust fund was a billion-dollar program for grants to public safety, the Public Safety Interoperable Communications (PSIC) grant program. Under the law, states have until FY2010 to draw down these funds. Bills that would extend the deadline to the end of FY2012 have been introduced in the House and Senate. Alternative proposals on how to assign spectrum for public safety use have been presented to the FCC and to Congress. To build the needed network requires coordination at many levels: developing the network concept, identifying a governance structure that assures the network is built and maintained, and funding capital and operating costs. Many believe that empowering leadership and identifying funding sources should ideally be resolved before the final decision is reached about spectrum allocation. There is an opportunity for two transformative changes in policy: for public safety communications and for spectrum management. As old technologies give way to mobile Internet access, changes in spectrum management are required to accommodate new wireless technologies. For the public safety community to incorporate these new technologies into emergency communications would require a change in stakeholders’ planning goals. The interaction between spectrum policy and homeland security policy might be changed through the planning and execution of an interoperable network for public safety. Congress has recognized the value of using Internet protocols for IP-based networks for 911 communications, by supporting the transition of out-dated 911 systems to IP-based technologies. Congress has not previously considered giving the same attention to the adoption of IP-based technologies for public safety radio communications. Congress might provide leadership and resources that can bring a nationwide, interoperable network for public safety from concept to reality.

Open CRS, a project of the Center for Democracy & Technology,  attempts to pull together all available Congressional Research Service Reports in one easily accessible website. Lots of great information here.